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WALTER E. WATTIGRS, Ol" EAST BEND. KENTUCKY.

PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 82,260, dated May '7,` 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, YVALTER E. ATTERS, of East Bend, in the county ofBoone and State of Kentucky, have invented icertain new and usefulImprovements in Double- Acting Pumps; and I do hereby declare thefollowing is a. full and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure l is a perspectivesection of the pump, represented as during an upward stroke of thepiston. Fig. 2 is a section of the piston and valves, shown as during adown stroke. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the piston at theline :ca; of Fig. 2.

The simplification of the pump has long been an object of attentiontoinventors, and one part after another has been successively dispensedwith, or has been made to serve two or more purposes, and at the sametime the eiiciency of the apparatus has been increased, its durabilityprolonged, its manufacture facilitated and consequentlyY its costreduced.

I am aware that pumps have been heretofore made in which the piston rodwas tubular, and made to serve as the discharge pipe, and also thatvalves of a peculiar construction within the piston have been made toact as discharge or eduction valves from either side of the piston. a

My improvement possesses these feature in an improved form, with theaddition thereto of the induction or suction valves being also placedwithin the piston, and the suction pipe as well as the discharge pipeforming a portion of the piston rod. This arrangement enables me todispense with the side pipe altogether, with all exterior valves,

with both suction and discharge pipes other than those serving as thepiston rod.

The pump cylinder is entirely closed, having no opening or aperture butthe neck, through which the tubular piston rod passes. No pack-ing orleathers are required to this `pump its 'working parts being allmetallic;

and its construction is such that while at rest the valves allow thewater to flow back in the pipe to the level of that in the cistern.

In the drawings is the cylinder, having a bottom piece (o) screwed on,and at its upper end al neck (c) through which passes the tubular pistonrod, composed of the suction or induction pipe (d), and the discharge oreduction pipe (e) of smaller Size, and placed concentrically within it.

4tom piece (g) below as valve seats.

The pump is furnished with suitable means for securing it tothe bottomof the well or cistern.

The piston is composed of several parts; viz: an external ring (f)having a number of grooves turned on its exterior, which being filledwith water, prevent the passage of the water past` the piston, withoutthe necessity of any packing, or even a very close fit of the piston tothe cylinder. It

has an interior ange at its upper end, and

at its lower end has a perforated disk (g) screwed into Vithin the ringis the piece (h) formed of two disks, separated by the space (i), andhaving the walls of the vertical passages (le) the whole being cast inone piece. (See Fig. 3.)

To the upper disk of the piece (It) is screwed the suction pipe (d.)communicating with the space below; and having at its upper end a shortdistance above the neck (c) of the cylinder, a number of holes, throughwhich the .water enters. To the lower disk of the piece (la.) is screwedthe discharge pipete) opening to a chamber (l) inclosed by a cap (m)screwed to the under side of the piece (7L). The passages Us) lead fromthe upper side of the piston to the chamberl (Z) which has in its bottoman equal number' of holes of corresponding size and shape, opening tothe lower'side of the piston. Hthin this. chamber is the flat ring valve(a) which alternately closes the passages (c) and the openings in thebottom of the cap'(m). The pieces (h and m) together,'in combinationwiththe piston ring (f) form the suctio-n valves, closing alternatelyagainst the flange above, and the bot- They are guided within the pistonring (f) by three or more ridges (o) which leave the pasdrawn in throughthe holes in the upper end of the suction pipe (CZ) passing downwardthrough it to the space (i) from thence it passes horizontally betweenthe vertical passages (c), to the passages (p), and -then either upwardor downward according to the motion of the piston. During the up strokeas shown in Fig. l it passes downward to the space (g) and into thelower end of the cylinder through the holes in the disk (g). At the sametime the water above the piston escapes through the passages (le) to thechamber (l) and from thence upward through the discharge pipe (e). Onreversing the motion of the piston the flow of water into the lower endof the cylinder, 'is intercepted by the piece (m) closing down on thedisk (g) and the piece (h) simultaneously opening .from its contact withthe flange of the piston ring (f), the water which had entered the space(i) as before described now passes by the passages (p) to the upper ondof the cylinder. The water below the piston now presses upward throughthe apertures in the piece (m), and raises the ring valve to Contactwith the piece (it) which closes the passages (lo) and the water iscompelled to ascend the discharge pipe (e), thus furnishing a continuousstream. Vhen at rest both valves descend and a free passage is then openbetween the suction and discharge pipes and the upper end of thecylinder, which allows the water in the discharge pipe to flow back outof reach of frost. The discharge pipe is continued upward to the desiredplace of discharge, where it is formed into a spout. A suitable brake orlever for Working the piston is there attached to it; and if required anair chamber may be applied to it at any part of its length. A tubularpiston rod possesses the advantage of greater stiffness for the sameWeight of metal than a solid rod can have.

What I claim as new and for which I desire Letters Patent, is

1. A double acting pump, its cylinder having no other opening to itsinterior than that through which the tubular piston rod works, andhaving no valves other than those contained within the piston itself.

2. The induction pipe, inclosing the discharge pipe, both being attachedto the piston (or apart thereof) and together serving the purpose of thepiston rod, substantially as described.

3. The double acting ring valve (n) for alternately closing the passages(lo) and the apertures in the cap (m) in combination with the inductionpipe, substantially as described.

4. Forming the induction valves by the pieces (71, and m) closingrespectively against the internal flange of the piece (7) and the disk(g) substantially as described.

5. The several parts composing the piston and its valves, viz: theexternal ring (f), the perforated disk (g), the piece (h) with itsspaces and passages, and its connection with the suction and dischargepipes, and the flat double acting valve ring (n.) in combination for thepurposes, and substantially as described.

WALTER E. wATTERsf Witnesses r EDWARD EVERETT, THos. W. MACFALL.

